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Political Reforms in Myanmar and Their Potential Impact on the Rivalry between the United States and China
Šoulavá, Blanka ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The series of political reforms in Myanmar, which started in November 2010, took place amid a strong alignment of interests among all regional powers in Southeast Asia. The reforms led to a limited democratization of the country and ended a long- lasting international isolation of Myanmar. Furthermore, they also had a great impact on Myanmar's foreign policy, because they gave rise to a great improvement of US- Myanmar relations, as well as its bilateral relations with India and Japan. However, they also caused problems for the Chinese strategic interests in the country. The purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: is the recent development in Myanmar going to lead to further cooperation or competition between the key regional powers? Myanmar has a great strategic importance in the context of the US's policy Pivot to Asia and Chinese strategic interests. Given to its abundance of natural resources and underdevelopment of infrastructure, it also has a great potential to develop into an energy and transportation hub, uniting the Indian subcontinent and connecting underdeveloped regions. Yet, the country suffers from mismanagement, internal conflicts and grave socioeconomic situation. Therefore, the internal political instability has large implications for the key regional powers and...
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The Justice and Development Party and the European Union: Analysis of the interest in joining the EU
Vaňousová, Daniela ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Najšlová, Lucia (referee)
This thesis aims to answer the question why did Turkish ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) dropped the consistent reform initiative and effort to ensure fulfillment of EU entry criteria after starting accession negotiations in 2005. To answer this question the paper analyses the interest of AKP in EU accession. The causes of interest in the EU are examined firstly and then it is focused on the reasons responsible for the loss of interest. The paper demonstrates that the transformation of interest of the ruling party in EU accession was influenced by the combination of two factors. The first factor was the lack of credibility of the accession negotiations with the EU and the ensuing improbability of membership. The second factor was the consolidation of the AKP political power. With respect to the nature of the AKP original interest in the integration of Turkey into the EU, the thesis concludes that the interest depended on the necessity of the accession process for domestic political purposes of ruling party. Afterwards the party achieved its objective, which was to get rid of opponents and secure their position in the Turkish political system, the AKP had no reason to try to meet all requirements of the European Union, given the unlikely outcome of accession negotiations.
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